participation in the general meeting by electronic means

Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act [ PIPEDA | An Act to support and promote electronic commerce by protecting personal information that is collected, used or disclosed in certain circumstances, by providing for the use of electronic means to communicate or record information or transactions and by am ]

electronic scabbing

exchange of information via a computerised bulletin board system

assembler of electronic equipment | electrical and electronic equipment fabricator | electronic equipment assembler | electronic equipment products assembler

electronics and automation educator | electronics and automation vocational instructor | electronics and automation vocational teacher | vocational teacher in electronics and automation

electronics industry

electric guitar builder | electronic musical instrument craftswoman | electric keyboard builder | electronic musical instrument maker

Unless the parties or other addressees are obliged under national law to accept electronic means, they should have the choice as to whether electronic means, where such means are available and admissible, or more traditional means are to be used for the service of documents or for other written communications with the court or tribunal.

Nevertheless technical requirements stemming from the inherent specifications of national electronic identification means and likely to affect the holders of such electronic means (e.g. smartcards), are unavoidable.

Notwithstanding the first subparagraph of this paragraph, contracting entities are not obliged to require electronic means of communication in the submission process to the extent that the use of means of communication other than electronic means is necessary either because of a breach of security of the electronic means of communications or for the protection of the particularly sensitive nature of information requiring such a high level of protection that it cannot be properly ensured by using electronic tools and devices that are either generally available to economic operators or can be made available to them by alternative means of ...[+++]access within the meaning of paragraph 5.

‘electronic means’ means electronic equipment for the processing (including digital compression) and storage of data which is entirely transmitted, conveyed and received by wire, by radio, by optical means or by other electromagnetic means.