Market-driven Consumer Redress - Case Studies and Legal Issues

Definition: This category differs from others in that it includes disorders identifiable on the basis of not only symptoms and course but also the existence of one or other of two causative influences: an exceptionally stressful life event producing an acute stress reaction, or a significant life change leading to continued unpleasant circumstances that result in an adjustment disorder. Although less severe psychosocial stress ( life events ) may precipitate the onset or contribute to the presentation of a very wide range of disorders classified elsewhere in this chapter, its etiological importance is not always clear and in each case will be found to depend on individual, ofte ...[+++]n idiosyncratic, vulnerability, i.e. the life events are neither necessary nor sufficient to explain the occurrence and form of the disorder. In contrast, the disorders brought together here are thought to arise always as a direct consequence of acute severe stress or continued trauma. The stressful events or the continuing unpleasant circumstances are the primary and overriding causal factor and the disorder would not have occurred without their impact. The disorders in this section can thus be regarded as maladaptive responses to severe or continued stress, in that they interfere with successful coping mechanisms and therefore lead to problems of social functioning.

law clerk | paralegal specialist | corporate legal assistant | legal assistant

principle of legal certainty [ certainty of law | legal certainty | legal security | principle of equality and legal certainty ]

general considerations of law

regulatory compliance manager | regulatory compliance officer | regulatory affairs manager | regulatory affairs portfolio leader

legal affairs policy officer | legal policy analyst | legal policy officer | policy officer, legal affairs

Problems related to other legal circumstances

Definition: Four or more of the above symptoms are usually present and the patient is likely to have great difficulty in continuing with ordinary activities.

If each Member-State in the EU were to be considered as one jurisdiction in this context, different rules would be applicable to "cross-border transfers" (between two Member States) and so-called "domestic" transfers (within one Member State).

There are legal considerations.both nationally and internationally.and health and social considerations as well.

Further, the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network and the Canadian AIDS Society are undertaking the joint project on legal and ethical issues raised by HIV and AIDS, to which I already made reference.

During the transitional period, Member States levying withholding tax may provide that an economic operator making an interest payment to, or securing such a payment for, an entity or a legal arrangement referred to in Article 4(2), which has its place of effective management in another Member State, shall be considered to be the paying agent in place of the entity or legal arrangement and shall levy the withholding tax on that interest, unless the entity or legal arrangement has formally agreed to its name if any, its legal form, its place of effective management and the total amount of interest paid to it or secured for it being commun ...[+++]icated in accordance with the fourth subparagraph of Article 4(2)’.