air pollution tax [ atmospheric pollution tax ]

Definition: The main feature is a specific and significant impairment in the development of reading skills that is not solely accounted for by mental age, visual acuity problems, or inadequate schooling. Reading comprehension skill, reading word recognition, oral reading skill, and performance of tasks requiring reading may all be affected. Spelling difficulties are frequently associated with specific reading disorder and often remain into adolescence even after some progress in reading has been made. Specific developmental disorders ...[+++]of reading are commonly preceded by a history of disorders in speech or language development. Associated emotional and behavioural disturbances are common during the school age period. | Backward reading Developmental dyslexia Specific reading retardation

Definition: The main feature is a specific and significant impairment in the development of spelling skills in the absence of a history of specific reading disorder, which is not solely accounted for by low mental age, visual acuity problems, or inadequate schooling. The ability to spell orally and to write out words correctly are both affected. | Specific spelling retardation (without reading disorder)

fee for processing a specific request

application-specific integrated circuit | ASIC [Abbr.]

legatee by particular title | particular legatee | specific legatee | specific devisee

prostate specific antigen test [ prostate-specific antigen test | PSA test | prostate specific antigen testing | prostate-specific antigen testing | PSA testing ]

specific gamma ray constant | specific gamma ray emission | specific gamma ray output | specific gamma-ray constant

Definition: Symptoms are presented by the patient as if they were due to a physical disorder of a system or organ that is largely or completely under autonomic innervation and control, i.e. the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory and urogenital systems. The symptoms are usually of two types, neither of which indicates a physical disorder of the organ or system concerned. First, there are complaints based upon objective signs of autonomic arousal, such as palpitations, sweating, flushing, tremor, and expression of fear and distress about the possibility of a physical disorder. Second, there are subjective complaints of a nonspecific or changing nature ...[+++]such as fleeting aches and pains, sensations of burning, heaviness, tightness, and feelings of being bloated or distended, which are referred by the patient to a specific organ or system. | Cardiac neurosis Da Costa's syndrome Gastric neurosis Neurocirculatory asthenia Psychogenic forms of:aerophagy | cough | diarrhoea | dyspepsia | dysuria | flatulence | hiccough | hyperventilation | increased frequency of micturition | irritable bowel syndrome | pylorospasm

Finally, taxes and levies are applied; these may be part of general taxation (VAT, excise duties) or specific levies to support targeted energy and/or climate policies.

Some Member States have already introduced specific levies, while others are planning to do so.

1. A Member State applying a specific and periodic tax which relates to the use within its territory of a passenger car and the characteristics of which are identical or similar to those of the taxes listed in Annex I, hereinafter “annual circulation taxes”, shall calculate these taxes on the basis of the length of time in any given twelve month period for which the passenger car has been used on the territory of that Member State.

Without that kind of regular increase in specific taxes, the relative importance of those taxes will fall behind.