generally accepted rule

general customary international law

accepted rule of general international law

Trade secrets can nevertheless be protected, at least in part, by other means, such as a general cause of prohibition of unfair competition, tort law, contract law, labour law and criminal law.

Article 27(1)(f) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products must be interpreted as meaning that the use of one of the substances referred to is legally required only when a provision of EU law or a provision of national law compatible therewith directly requires that that substance be added to a foodstuff in order for that foodstuff to be placed on the market.

This Supplementary Protocol shall not affect the rights and obligations of States under the rules of general international law with respect to the responsibility of States for internationally wrongful acts.

(43) As it would be impossible, with a disparity of policy choices and legal rules at national level concerning the Union right to compensation in actions for damages for infringement of the Union competition rules, to ensure the full effect of Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty, and to ensure the proper functioning of the internal market for undertakings and consumers, these objectives cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States, and can therefore, by reason of the requisite effectiveness and consistency in the application of Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty, be better achieved at Union level.