The term ‘specialised equipment for military training’ includes military types of attack trainers, operational flight trainers, radar target trainers, radar target generators, gunnery training devices, anti-submarine warfare trainers, flight simulators (including human-rated centrifuges for pilot/astronaut training), radar trainers, instrument flight trainers, navigation trainers, missile launch trainers, target equipment, drone ‘aircraft’, armament trainers, pilotless ‘aircraft’ trainers, mobile training units and training equipment for ground military operations.

The term ‘specialised equipment for military training’ includes military types of attack trainers, operational flight trainers, radar target trainers, radar target generators, gunnery training devices, anti-submarine warfare trainers, flight simulators (including human-rated centrifuges for pilot/astronaut training), radar trainers, instrument flight trainers, navigation trainers, missile launch trainers, target equipment, drone “aircraft”, armament trainers, pilotless “aircraft” trainers, mobile training units and training equipment for ground military operations.

"Aviation Flights which arrive at or depart from an airport situated in the territory of a Member State to which the Treaty applies. This activity shall not include: (a) military flights performed by military aircraftflights by customs and police services, flights for search and rescue purposes as well as medical and disaster relief including fire-fighting which are authorised by the appropriate competent authority; (b) flights for humanitarian purposes under a mandate from the United Nations or its subsidiary organisations and Emergency Medical Service flights, if the aircraft operator has been instructed to perform them (e.g. by the U ...[+++]nited Nations) or holds the necessary official authorisation (licence for such EMS flights under its Air Operator's Certificate); (c) flights terminating at the aerodrome from which the aircraft has taken off and during which no intermediate landing has been made; (d) training flights performed exclusively for the purpose of obtaining a licence, or a rating in the case of cockpit flight crew where this is substantiated by an appropriate remark in the flight plan provided that the flight does not serve for the transport of passengers and/or cargo ; (e) flights performed exclusively for the purpose of scientific research or for the purpose of checking, testing, qualifying or certifying aircraft , equipment or air-traffic-management procedures , whether airborne or ground-based; ferrying new aircraft as well as ferry flights performed by or on behalf of an aircraft owner as a consequence of the occurrence of a sudden early termination event, event of default, repossession, or similar occurrence in respect of a leasing, charter or similar arrangement ; and (f) flights performed by aircraft with a certified maximum take-off weight of less than 20 000 kg , under the condition that operators of these aircraft participate in an offset scheme which operates according to strict criteria and which must be open to external control (comparab ...

"Aviation Flights which arrive at or depart from an airport situated in the territory of a Member State to which the Treaty applies. This activity shall not include: (a) military flights performed by military aircraftflights by customs and police services, flights for search and rescue purposes as well as medical and disaster relief including fire-fighting which are authorised by the appropriate competent authority; (b) flights for humanitarian purposes under a mandate from the United Nations or its subsidiary organisations and Emergency Medical Service flights, if the aircraft operator has been instructed to perform them (e.g. by the U ...[+++]nited Nations) or holds the necessary official authorisation (licence for such EMS flights under its Air Operator's Certificate); (c) flights terminating at the aerodrome from which the aircraft has taken off and during which no intermediate landing has been made; (d) training flights performed exclusively for the purpose of obtaining a licence, or a rating in the case of cockpit flight crew where this is substantiated by an appropriate remark in the flight plan provided that the flight does not serve for the transport of passengers and/or cargo ; (e) flights performed exclusively for the purpose of scientific research or for the purpose of checking, testing, qualifying or certifying aircraft , equipment or air-traffic-management procedures , whether airborne or ground-based; ferrying new aircraft as well as ferry flights performed by or on behalf of an aircraft owner as a consequence of the occurrence of a sudden early termination event, event of default, repossession, or similar occurrence in respect of a leasing, charter or similar arrangement ; and (f) flights performed by aircraft with a certified maximum take-off weight of less than 20 000 kg , under the condition that operators of these aircraft participate in an offset scheme which operates according to strict criteria and which must be open to external control (comparab ...

This activity shall not include: (a) flights performed exclusively for the transport, on official mission, of a reigning Monarch and his immediate family, Heads of State, Heads of Government and Government Ministers, of a country other than a Member State, where this is substantiated by an appropriate status indicator in the flight plan (b) military flights performed by military aircraft and customs and police flights (c) flights related to search and rescue, fire-fighting flights, humanitarian flights and emergency medical service flights authorised by the appropriate competent authority (d) any flights performed exclusively under visua ...[+++]l flight rules as defined in Annex 2 to the Chicago Convention (e) flights terminating at the aerodrome from which the aircraft has taken off and during which no intermediate landing has been made (f) training flights performed exclusively for the purpose of obtaining a licence, or a rating in the case of cockpit flight crew where this is substantiated by an appropriate remark in the flight plan provided that the flight does not serve for the transport of passengers and/or cargo or for the positioning or ferrying of the aircraft (g) flights performed exclusively for the purpose of scientific research or for the purpose of checking, testing or certifying aircraft or equipment whether airborne or ground-based (h) flights performed by aircraft with a certified maximum take-off mass of less than 5 700 kg (i) flights performed in the framework of public service obligations imposed in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 2408/92 on routes within outermost regions, as specified in Article 299(2) of the Treaty, or on routes where the capacity offered does not exceed 30 000 seats per year (j) flights which, but for this point, would fall within this activity, performed by a commercial air transport operator operating either:

PSEs are those which contribute significantly to carrying flight, ground, and pressurisation loads, and the failure of which could result in a catastrophic failure of the aircraft.