temporary substitute automobile

courtesy vehicle

courtesy car | courtesy vehicule

courtesy vehicle

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement catalytic converters for power-driven vehicles

vehicle manufacturer's replacement wheels

alternative fuel vehicle [ AFV | alternative-fuel vehicle ]

conversion to alternative fuels

spare employee | space board employee | reserve employee

(7) In order to achieve EU air quality objectives and to ensure a continuous effort to reduce vehicle emissions, the power to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFUE) should be delegated to the Commission in respect of the detailed rules on the application of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 to vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1 and N2 with a reference mass exceeding 2 610 kg but with a maximum vehicle mass not exceeding 5 000 kg, the specific procedures, tests and requirements for type approval, the requirements for the implementation of the prohibition on the use of def ...[+++]eat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems, the measures necessary for the implementation of the obligation of a manufacturer to provide unrestricted and standardised access to vehicle repair and maintenance information, the replacement of the information on the mass of CO2 emissions in the certificate of conformity with information on total mass of CO2 emissions equivalents, the increase or removal of the limit value of total hydrocarbons emissions for positive ignition vehicles, the amendment of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 for the purposes of recalibrating the particulate mass based limit values and introducing particle number based limit values that would correlate broadly with the petrol and diesel mass limit values, the adoption of a revised measurement procedure for particulates and a particle number limit value, a limit value for emissions of NO2 and limits for tailpipe emissions at cold temperatures for vehicles approved as complying with the Euro 6 emission limits.

(7) In order to achieve EU air quality objectives and to ensure a continuous effort to reduce vehicle emissions, the power to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFUE) should be delegated to the Commission in respect of the detailed rules on the application of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 to vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1 and N2 with a reference mass exceeding 2 610 kg but with a maximum technically permissible laden mass not exceeding 7 500 kg, the specific procedures, tests and requirements for type approval, the requirements for the implementation of the prohibi ...[+++]tion on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems, the measures necessary for the implementation of the obligation of a manufacturer to provide unrestricted and standardised access to vehicle repair and maintenance information, the replacement of the information on the mass of CO2 emissions in the certificate of conformity with information on total mass of CO2 emissions equivalents, the increase or removal of the limit value of total hydrocarbons emissions for positive ignition vehicles, the amendment of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 for the purposes of recalibrating the particulate mass based limit values and introducing particle number based limit values that would correlate broadly with the petrol and diesel mass limit values, the adoption of a revised measurement procedure for particulates and a particle number limit value, a limit value for emissions of NO2 and limits for tailpipe emissions at cold temperatures for vehicles approved as complying with the Euro 6 emission limits.

For example, 30% to 40% of our fleet has been replaced versus about 60% to 70% in the United States.

Essentially we have a situation in which new vehicles replace older on-road vehicles at a rate of about 8 per cent per year.