In view of the benefits of pricing flexibility in these circumstances, under the recommended approach, wholesale access prices for passive NGA wholesale inputs or non-physical or virtual NGA wholesale inputs offering equivalent functionalities are deemed to be sufficiently constrained (i.e. price-related competition problems are considered to be effectively addressed) when: (i) there is a demonstrable retail price constraint resulting from the infrastructure competition or a price anchor stemming from cost oriented wholesale copper access prices; and (ii) the ex-ante economic replicability test is in place in those cases where wholesale ...[+++] price regulation should not be imposed; and (iii) there is an obligation of providing wholesale access services on the basis of EoI.

Such a costing methodology should be based on a modern efficient network, reflect the need for stable and predictable wholesale copper access prices over time, which avoid significant fluctuations and shocks, in order to provide a clear framework for investment and be capable of generating cost-oriented wholesale copper access prices serving as an anchor for NGA services, and deal appropriately and consistently with the impact of declining volumes caused by the transition from copper to NGA networks, i.e. avoiding an artificial increase in wholesale copper access prices which would otherwise be observed as a result of customers migrating ...[+++] to the NGA network of the SMP operator.

(21) Regulatory obligations should therefore be imposed with regard to regulated roaming SMS services at wholesale level, in order to establish a more reasonable relationship between wholesale charges and the underlying costs of provision, and at retail level to protect the interests of roaming customers.

Regulatory obligations should be imposed at both retail and wholesale level to protect the interests of roaming customers, since experience has shown that reductions in wholesale prices for Community-wide roaming services may not be reflected in lower retail prices for roaming owing to the absence of incentives for this to happen.

(12) Regulatory obligations should be imposed at both retail and wholesale level to protect the interests of roaming customers, since experience has shown that reductions in wholesale prices for Community-wide roaming services may not be reflected in lower retail prices for roaming, due to the absence of incentives to do so.

(12) Regulatory obligations should be imposed at both retail and wholesale level to protect the interests of roaming customers, since experience has shown that reductions in wholesale prices for international roaming services may not be reflected in lower retail prices for roaming, due to the absence of incentives to do so.