In order to provide broadband Internet services to end-users, new entrants have no other option, save the building of an alternative local access network , but to contract (one of) the three types of wholesale products available to them, all of which are built on Telefónica’s nation-wide local access network (ranked according to the network deployment requirements, depending on the level of capillarity of Telefónica's network at which new entrants interconnect): (1) local wholesale access or local loop unbundling , (2) regional (bitstream) wholesale access and (3) national wholesale access .

New entrants on the telecommunications markets need access on fair and non-discriminatory terms to the local loops ("local loop unbundling") to be able to offer retail services to end-customers, as it would be impossible to replicate such a network built over a century.

New entrants on the telecommunications markets need access on fair and non-discriminatory terms to the local loop (so-called "local loop unbundling") in order to be able to offer retail services to end-customers, as it would be technically, environmentally and economically impossible to replicate such a network which was built over a century.

(a) "local sub-loop" means a partial local loop connecting the network termination point at the subscriber's premises to a concentration point or a specified intermediate access point in the fixed public telephone network;

(d) "local sub-loop" means a partial local loop connecting the network termination point at the subscriber's premises to a concentration point or a specified intermediate access point in the fixed public telephone network;

Shared access to the local loop (by which the incumbent operator continues to provide the basic telephone service and the new entrant simultaneously provides high-speed services) should be granted by the above-mentioned operators on request, since it is already covered under the current Open Network Provision (ONP) rules for special network access;