482 (1) Every superior court of criminal jurisdiction and every court of appeal may make rules of court not inconsistent with this or any other Act of Parliament, and any rules so made apply to any prosecution, proceeding, action or appeal, as the case may be, within the jurisdiction of that court, instituted in relation to any matter of a criminal nature or arising from or incidental to any such prosecution, proceeding, action or appeal.

The rules of professional conduct as a whole flow from the obligations of chartered accountants arising from the necessary reliance of the public generally and the business community in particular on receiving sound and fair financial reporting and competent advice on business affairs.

If a third-country national has applied for asylum in a Member State which, according to Regulation No 343/2003, is not primarily responsible for examining that application, the regulation sets out mechanisms for the transfer of the asylum seeker to the responsible Member State. In addition, the regulation accords Member States the right, by way of derogation from the normal rules governing responsibility, to take on, in place of the Member State having primary responsibility, the examination of an asylum application which has been lodged in their territory .

The rules of jurisdiction may also, under certain circumstances, apply to parties domiciled outside the EU. This may arise, for example, where those parties have agreed that the courts of an EU country should have jurisdiction.

(11) The rules of jurisdiction must be highly predictable and founded on the principle that jurisdiction is generally based on the defendant's domicile and jurisdiction must always be available on this ground save in a few well-defined situations in which the subject-matter of the litigation or the autonomy of the parties warrants a different linking factor.

The Commission considers that the application of the provisions of the Directive relating to jurisdiction and establishment by the Vlaams Commissariaat voor de Media, by its decision to require VT4 to apply for a Flemish licence, is a violation of the Television Directive and Article 10 of the EC Treaty.