* BE: judicial members are either judges or prosecutors; BG: category prosecutors includes one elected investigative magistrate; DK: all members are formally appointed by the Minister of justice; category Appointed/nominated by other bodies/authorities includes two court representatives (nominated by the union for administrative staff and by the police union); FR: the Council has two formations – one with jurisdiction over sitting judges and one with jurisdiction over prosecutors; the Council includes one member of the Conseil d'Etat elected by the general assembly of the Conseil d'Etat; IT-CSM: Consiglio Superiore della Magistratu ...[+++]ra (covering civil and criminal judiciary); category judges includes two magistrates (judges and/or prosecutors) elected from the Supreme Court; IT-CPGA: Consiglio di presidenza della giustizia amministrativa (covering administrative judiciary); ES: members of the Council coming from the judiciary are appointed by the Parliament - the Council communicates to the Parliament the list of candidates who have received the support of a judges' association or of twenty five judges; MT: Leader of Opposition appoints one lay member; NL: members formally appointed by Royal Decree on the proposal of the Minister of Security and Justice; RO: elected magistrates validated by the Senate; SI: members elected by the National Assembly on the proposal of the President of the Republic.

2. Without prejudice to judicial independence and differences in the organisation of the judiciary across the Union, Member States shall request that those responsible for the training of judges and prosecutors involved in criminal proceedings make available both general and specialist training to increase the awareness of judges and prosecutors of the needs of victims.

2. Without prejudice to judicial independence and differences in the organisation of the judiciary across the Union, Member States shall request that those responsible for the training of judges and prosecutors involved in criminal proceedings make available both general and specialist training to increase the awareness of judges and prosecutors of the needs of victims.

5. A Member State may, at the time of adoption of this Framework Decision, make a declaration or subsequent notification to the General Secretariat of the Council requiring such validation in all cases where the issuing authority is not a judge, a court, an investigating magistrate or a public prosecutor and where the measures necessary to execute the EEW would have to be ordered or supervised by a judge, a court, an investigating magistrate or a public prosecutor under the law of the executing State in a similar domestic case.

Also, mutual evaluation reports have demonstrated that judges, prosecutors and judicial staff in the Member States of the European Union are not always sufficiently familiar with European law and that, in general, they do not make sufficiently use of the European bodies which are available with a view to, notably, facilitating procedural matters, such as Eurojust and the European Judicial Networks.

As regards judges and prosecutors, depending on the Member State, judicial training comes under the Ministry of Justice, the Higher Council of the Judiciary or Justice, or, as appropriate, under the Prosecutor-General, where there is strict separation between judges and prosecutors, or under specialised establishments.