But equally important in meeting our targets will be energy efficiency, particularly in relation to motor vehicles – private and commercial.

Car engines have not changed for a hundred years, while mobile telephone technology changes every month.

The objective of reducing CO2 emissions by means of improvement in motor technology should be underpinned by the development of ecotechnology incorporated into passenger cars, as well as the improvement of road infrastructure, better traffic management, measures to encourage the use of biofuels and appropriate tax arrangements.Consistent with the approach under the voluntary commitments adopted by the manufacturers, this covers those elements that are taken into account in the measurement of the CO2 emissions of passenger cars in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on ...[+++]type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information.

For example, price differentiation based on the size of a car engine in the field of motor insurance should remain possible, even if statistically men drive cars with more powerful engines.

The EU has emphasised particulate emission limit values for all other types of diesel vehicle (passenger cars, LDVs, HDVs, and off-road vehicles).

Advances in engine technology for cars and trucks coupled with a 6% rise in motorcycle mileage in the 1990s have meant that the proportion of pollution from bikes is increasing.