asynchronous interaction [ delayed-response interaction | delayed-time interaction | store-and-forward exchange ]

asynchronous online learning [ asynchronous e-learning | delayed-time online learning | asynchronous virtual learning | delayed-interaction e-learning | delayed-response e-learning ]

asynchronous virtual training [ asynchronous online training | asynchronous e-training | delayed-response online training | delayed-interaction e-training | delayed-time e-training | delayed-time online training | non-real time online training ]

Definition: Arises as a delayed or protracted response to a stressful event or situation (of either brief or long duration) of an exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature, which is likely to cause pervasive distress in almost anyone. Predisposing factors, such as personality traits (e.g. compulsive, asthenic) or previous history of neurotic illness, may lower the threshold for the development of the syndrome or aggravate its course, but they are neither necessary nor sufficient to explain its occurrence. Typical features include episodes of repeated reliving of the trauma in intrusive memories ( flashbacks ), dreams or nightmares ...[+++], occurring against the persisting background of a sense of numbness and emotional blunting, detachment from other people, unresponsiveness to surroundings, anhedonia, and avoidance of activities and situations reminiscent of the trauma. There is usually a state of autonomic hyperarousal with hypervigilance, an enhanced startle reaction, and insomnia. Anxiety and depression are commonly associated with the above symptoms and signs, and suicidal ideation is not infrequent. The onset follows the trauma with a latency period that may range from a few weeks to months. The course is fluctuating but recovery can be expected in the majority of cases. In a small proportion of cases the condition may follow a chronic course over many years, with eventual transition to an enduring personality change (F62.0). | Traumatic neurosis

Increasing civic, cultural and political participation of third-country nationals in the host society and improving dialogue between different groups of third-country nationals, the government and civil society to promote their active citizenship Supporting advisory platforms at various levels for consultation of third-country nationals Encouraging dialogue and sharing experience and good practice between immigrant groups and generations Increasing third-country nationals’ participation in the democratic process, promoting a balanced gender representation, through awareness raising, information campaigns and capacity-building Minimising ...[+++]obstacles to the use of voting rights, e.g. fees or bureaucratic requirements Facilitating immigrants’ participation in mainstream organisations, i.a. by supporting volunteer and internship schemes Increasing involvement of third-country nationals in society’s responses to migration Building migrants’ associations as sources of advice to newcomers, and including their representatives in introduction programmes as trainers and role models Elaborating national preparatory citizenship and naturalisation programmes | Initiating a study/mapping exercise of the level of rights and obligations of third-country nationals in the Member States Encouraging the opening-up of mainstream organisations to immigrants and the building of organisations representing their interests EU-wide Fostering the creation of a platform of migrants’ organisations and organisations representing migrants’ interests at EU level Exploring the value of developing a concept of civic citizenship as a means of promoting the integration of third-country nationals, including the rights and duties needed to give immigrants a sense of participation in society Promoting research and dialogue on identity and citizenship questions |

During the dialogue, the EU may refer individual cases to the non-EU country together with requests for a response and for the release of persons held.

Some 14 million workers could use the right to receive a written reply to a request for more stable employment and thus get support in dialogue with their employer to move to a more stable form of work.

2. Urges the EU to develop a coherent strategy to respond to the new challenges raised by emerging donors in Africa, such as China, including a coordinated approach from different Member States and EU institutions; stresses that such a response must not attempt to emulate China's methods and aims, since that would not necessarily be compatible with the EU's values, principles and long-term interests; notes that such a response should be integrated in the EU's dialogue with the AU and in relations with all African partners; stresses ...[+++] that the EU should enter into a development policy dialogue with China, in order to discuss methods and aims, but that it must remain committed to its own approach towards development cooperation;