These efforts are crucial, since studies show that spending on research across the EU is currently lower than during the second half of the 1990's, and that EU companies tend to invest more in the USA than in the EU itself (EUR5 bn net outflow in 2000) [13].

Giving a new boost to jobs, growth and investment – through the European Fund for Strategic Investment (EFSI 2.0), revamped Trade Defence Instruments, the Banking Union, the Capital Markets Union, and the improvement of waste management in the circular economy; Addressing the social dimension of the European Union – through the Youth Employment Initiative, improved social security coordination, the European Accessibility Act and the European Solidarity Corps; Better protecting the security of our citizens – through the Entry-Exit System, Smart Borders and the European Travel Information Authorisation System (ETIAS), the control of fire ...[+++]arms, instruments to criminalise terrorism, money laundering and terrorist financing, and the European Criminal Records Information Systems (ECRIS); Reforming and developing our migration policy in a spirit of responsibility and solidarity – through the reform of the Common European Asylum System (including the Dublin mechanism), the Legal Migration package and the External Investment Plan to help to address the root causes of migration by enhancing investment and job creation in partner countries; Delivering on our commitment to implement a connected Digital Single market – through the EU telecoms and copyright reforms, the Union of the 700 MHz band, preventing unjustified geo-blocking, the Audiovisual Media Services Directive and common data protection rules; Delivering on our objective of an ambitious Energy Union and a forward looking climate change policy - through the 2030 climate and energy framework, the Paris Agreement and the Clean Energy for all Europeans package.

Since May, due to domestic and global factors, financial markets have come under pressure which led to immediate reactions by the central bank with a view to stabilising the exchange rate and containing capital outflows.

54. Stresses that those risks are especially alarming in the context of the massive outflows of illicit capital from developing countries referred to in paragraph 25; urges the Commission to take into account the existing reporting on the illicit capital outflows before taking a decision on granting budget support;

U. whereas illicit capital flows from developing countries are estimated at USD 641 billion to USD 941 billion, and whereas these outflows undermine developing countries’ capacity to generate their own resources and allocate more funds to poverty reduction ,

Controls on inward and outward capital movements