catastrophe hazard

catastrophic risk

Definition: Enduring personality change, present for at least two years, following exposure to catastrophic stress. The stress must be so extreme that it is not necessary to consider personal vulnerability in order to explain its profound effect on the personality. The disorder is characterized by a hostile or distrustful attitude toward the world, social withdrawal, feelings of emptiness or hopelessness, a chronic feeling of being on edge as if constantly threatened, and estrangement. Post-traumatic stress disorder (F43.1) may precede this type of personality change. | Personality change after:concentration camp experiences | disasters ...[+++]| prolonged:captivity with an imminent possibility of being killed | exposure to life-threatening situations such as being a victim of terrorism | torture

catastrophe risk [ catastrophic risk | catastrophe hazard ]

catastrophe reinsurance | shock loss reinsurance

holocaust

Definition: Arises as a delayed or protracted response to a stressful event or situation (of either brief or long duration) of an exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature, which is likely to cause pervasive distress in almost anyone. Predisposing factors, such as personality traits (e.g. compulsive, asthenic) or previous history of neurotic illness, may lower the threshold for the development of the syndrome or aggravate its course, but they are neither necessary nor sufficient to explain its occurrence. Typical features include episodes of repeated reliving of the trauma in intrusive memories ( flashbacks ), dreams or nightmares ...[+++], occurring against the persisting background of a sense of numbness and emotional blunting, detachment from other people, unresponsiveness to surroundings, anhedonia, and avoidance of activities and situations reminiscent of the trauma. There is usually a state of autonomic hyperarousal with hypervigilance, an enhanced startle reaction, and insomnia. Anxiety and depression are commonly associated with the above symptoms and signs, and suicidal ideation is not infrequent. The onset follows the trauma with a latency period that may range from a few weeks to months. The course is fluctuating but recovery can be expected in the majority of cases. In a small proportion of cases the condition may follow a chronic course over many years, with eventual transition to an enduring personality change (F62.0). | Traumatic neurosis

Definition: Disorders of adult personality and behaviour that have developed in persons with no previous personality disorder following exposure to catastrophic or excessive prolonged stress, or following a severe psychiatric illness. These diagnoses should be made only when there is evidence of a definite and enduring change in a person's pattern of perceiving, relating to, or thinking about the environment and himself or herself. The personality change should be significant and be associated with inflexible and maladaptive behaviour not present before the pathogenic experience. The change should not be a direct manifestation of another ...[+++] mental disorder or a residual symptom of any antecedent mental disorder.

risk management and the introduction of appropriate preventive actions to address natural disasters, catastrophic events and animal and plant diseases.

It also covers risks for people in the neighbourhood of a tunnel where collapse of the structure could have catastrophic consequences.

Mr. McCauley: We would identify what the risk was of a catastrophic incident, and we are saying that the question is whether you would set a liability limit to address a catastrophic incident or to address what might be considered a worst-case design-based incident.

(b)risk management and the introduction of appropriate preventive actions to address natural disasters, catastrophic events and animal and plant diseases.