(30) ‘substantial change of circumstances’ means an increase of the sales volumes by product category, such as pipe tobacco, cigar, cigarillo, by at least 10% in at least five Member States based on sales data transmitted in accordance with Article 5(4); or an increase of the prevalence level in the consumer group under 25 years of age by at least 5 percentage points in at least five Member States for the respective product category based on ____ [this date will be set at the moment of adoption of the Directive] Eurobarometer report or equivalent prevalence studies; ...[+++]

In accordance with Commission Decision 2005/636/EC of 1 September 2005 concerning a financial contribution of the Community towards a baseline survey on the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in broiler flocks of Gallus gallus to be carried out in the Member States , Commission Decision 2006/662/EC of 29 September 2006 concerning a financial contribution from the Community towards a baseline survey on the prevalence of salmonella in turkeys to be carried out in the Member States and Commission Decision 2007/516/EC of 19 July 2007 concerning a financial contribution from the Community towards a survey on the prevalence and antimicrobial resist ...[+++]ance of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks and on the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. in broiler carcases to be carried out in the Member States information was collected on the prevalence of salmonella in broiler flocks, turkey flocks and broiler carcases, respectively.

The results of these surveys, as well as preliminary results of the first year of national salmonella control programmes in broilers (2009) in accordance with Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 show that salmonella prevalence in flocks of broilers and turkeys is still high .

There are as yet no reliable studies showing exactly how great the problem is at EU level but the three national prevalence studies carried out in Finland in 1999, Sweden in 2001 and Germany in 2004 indicate that previous assessments have vastly underestimated the extent of the problem.

27. Asks the Commission to support the drawing up of independent, comprehensive prevalence studies providing, inter alia, reliable data, especially with regard to the illiteracy rate among women, problems related to women's labour force participation, and the occurrence of violence against women, in particular domestic violence and honour killings, with a view to helping the authorities concerned to take the necessary measures;

Finally, the European scientific community is in the forefront of methodological research in population-based epidemiology and public health, from analysis and projection of incidence and mortality trends, to survival analysis, prevalence estimation, planning and conduction of high resolution studies, and for the study of social and economic inequalities on health.