L. whereas a large number of prominent human rights, political and youth activists have been arbitrarily arrested and sentenced in relation to their peaceful activities since July 2013; whereas human rights defenders Alaa Abdel Fatah, Mona Seif and Ahmed Abdallah were arrested while peacefully demonstrating against military trials of civilians, and were later sentenced on 5 January 2014; whereas the National Council for Human Rights visited Ahmad Maher, Mohamed Adel, Ahmad Douma and Alaa Adbel Fatah in prison and denounced their conditions of imprisonment; whereas the headquarters of the Egyptian Centre for Economic and Social Rights ...[+++]were raided by the police on 18 December and their staff arrested; whereas hundreds of students involved in anti-coup protests on university campuses have been arrested, at least five students from al-Azhar University have been killed, and several students have had severe sentences handed down to them;

This Directive lays down minimum rules concerning the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in proceedings for the execution of a European arrest warrant pursuant to Council Framework Decision 2002/584/JHA of 13 June 2002 on the European arrest warrant and the surrender procedures between Member States (European arrest warrant proceedings) and the right to have a third party informed upon deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty.

EUROPA - EU law and publications - EUR-Lex - EUR-Lex - 62009CA0236 - EN - Case C-236/09: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 1 March 2011 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Cour constitutionnelle (Belgium)) — Association Belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats ASBL, Yann van Vugt, Charles Basselier v Conseil des ministres (Reference for a preliminary ruling — Fundamental rights — Combating discrimination — Equal treatment for men and women — Access to and supply of goods and services — Insurance premiums and benefits — Actuarial factors — Sex as a factor in the assessment of insurance risks — Private life assurance contracts — ...[+++] Directive 2004/113/EC — Article 5(2) — Derogation not subject to any temporal limitation — Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Articles 21 and 23 — Invalidity) // Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 1 March 2011 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Cour constitutionnelle (Belgium)) — Association Belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats ASBL, Yann van Vugt, Charles Basselier v Conseil des ministres // (Case C-236/09) - ( // (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Fundamental rights - Combating discrimination - Equal treatment for men and women - Access to and supply of goods and services - Insurance premiums and benefits - Actuarial factors - Sex as a factor in the assessment of insurance risks - Private life assurance contracts - Directive 2004/113/EC - Article 5(2) - Derogation not subject to any temporal limitation - Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union - Articles 21 and 23 - Invalidity)

It must be recalled that the Court stated, in its reasoning in the judgment in AM S Europe v Commission relating to legal professional privilege in investigation procedures in matters of competition law, that that area of European Union law must take into account the principles and concepts common to the laws of the Member States concerning the observance of confidentiality, in particular, as regards certain communications between lawyer and client (see paragraph 18 of that judgment).

The latter shall conform to any decisions on points of law given by the Court.

Human rights have deteriorated, opposition is not tolerated, eleven former leaders of the government party have been arrested, the press is suppressed and journalists arrested.