It is also necessary to ensure that an authorisation as a general rule permits access to, or exercise of, a service activity throughout the national territory, unless a new authorisation for each establishment, for example for each new hypermarket, or an authorisation that is restricted to a specific part of the national territory is objectively justified by an overriding reason relating to the public interest.

1. Member States may exempt payment service providers situated in their territory from the obligations set out in Article 5, as regards transfers of funds to organisations carrying out activities for non-profit charitable, religious, cultural, educational, social, scientific or fraternal purposes, provided that those organisations are subject to reporting and external audit requirements or supervision by a public authority or self-regulatory body recognised under national law and that those transfers of funds are limited ...[+++] to a maximum amount of EUR 150 per transfer and take place exclusively within the territory of that Member State.

They may take the form of straightforward prohibitions, but they can also be limits, dissuasive financial requirements, pressures or obstacles applied to certain activities or operations, e.g. a clause restricting the ability of the distributor or repairer to fix the selling price, a clause limiting the territory within which the distributor or repairer can sell vehicles, spare parts or vehicle repair and maintenance ...[+++]services, or a clause indirectly limiting a distributor's active or passive sales.

A loss of intra-brand competition is especially likely at the retail level if coupled with large territories, since final consumers may be confronted with little possibility of choosing between a high price/high service and a low price/low service distributor for an important brand.

(a) restrict the provision of protected services, or associated services, which originate in another Member State; or

(60) Whereas some Member States currently protect under copyright arrangements databases which do not meet the criteria for eligibility for copyright protection laid down in this Directive; whereas, even if the databases concerned are eligible for protection under the right laid down in this Directive to prevent unauthorized extraction and/or re-utilization of their contents, the term of protection under that right is considerably shorter than that which they enjoy under the national arrangements currently in force; whereas harmonization of the criteria for determining whether a database is to be protected by copyright may not have the effect of reducing the term of protection currently enjoyed by the rightholders concerned; whereas a de ...[+++]rogation should be laid down to that effect; whereas the effects of such derogation must be confined to the territories of the Member States concerned,