The Convention gives IMO powers to check on government actions, and EU countries have to submit information about compliance, particularly in relation to the recognition of seafarers' certificates of competency.

The GOC claimed that the Commission failed to distinguish between the consequences of government action and the intention of government action when doing the entrustment and direction analysis.

The actions of the GOC and SOEs leave private suppliers with no other choice but to follow the practices of public bodies and this effectively imposes a particular task or duty on them.

Qualitative and quantitative data should be collected on the establishment and operation of hotlines, the number of national nodes, the geographical coverage in the Member States, the number of reports received, the number and level of experience of hotline staff, the reports forwarded for action to the public authorities and ISPs, and, to the extent available, action taken as a result, in particular the number and kind of web pages withdrawn by ISPs as a result of information provided by the hotlines.

Qualitative and quantitative data should be collected on the establishment and operation of hotlines, the number of national nodes, the geographical coverage in the Member States, the number of reports received, the number and level of experience of hotline staff, the reports forwarded for action to the public authorities and ISPs, and, to the extent available, action taken as a result, in particular the number and kind of web pages withdrawn by ISPs as a result of information provided by the hotlines.

The study reviewed the various types of social labels in use from unilateral claims by individual manufacturers under their brand label to independently recognised labels such as fair trade and government or publicly approved labels such as the EU Eco-label although this is not a social label. It also outlined the preconditions for the effectiveness of a label, such as e.g. clarity, trust, or impact. The results of this study suggest that - 'social labels are one possible device to deliver positive social change through the market' and that 'a portfolio approach to supporting ethical trade is preferable to public policy focused solely or ...[+++] indeed at all on the development of a social label'.