An evaluation study by external consultants, a public consultation and input from two expert groups provided valuable expertise.

A study carried out by an external consultant operating under the guidance of a CCMI study group and a hearing organised with socio-economic players have served as a foundation for this work.

The principles and guidelines thus cover the collection of advice though ad hoc and permanent expert groups; external consultants (individuals, groups or companies, possibly using study contracts); and instances when these mechanisms are used in conjunction with in-house expertise (residing in Commission departments and in the Joint Research Centre).

43. Agrees with the Economic and Social Committee that the legitimacy of the Members of the institution derives primarily from their own expertise; recalls that it is the role of the Economic and Social Committee to represent the various forces within organised civil society; believes that the Committee will not fulfil its remit as a link between Europe and organised civil society by increasing its dependency on external expertise; has decided, therefore, to reduce appropriations against Article 260 ("Studies, surveys and consultations of a limited nature”) to EUR 575 000; insists, however, that these appropriations should not be used exclusively for external experts at the expense of external studies and that remaining funds for extern ...[+++]al experts should be distributed proportionately between the various civil society groupings;

A fundamental difference between the 1992 Ruding report and the present Communication and study is that the former was the outcome of the work of an external group of independent experts which had been mandated by the Commission whereas the latter represents a work carried out by the Commission itself, based on an explicit Council mandate.

Bill C-55 limited the areas where a controlled access military zone could be designated to a defence establishment, property outside of a defence establishment provided for the Canadian Forces and the department, and a vessel, aircraft or other property of a visiting military force.