2.Except where the bail-in tool is applied for the purpose specified in point (b) of Article 37(2), for the purposes of the bridge institution tool a bridge institution shall be a legal entity that is wholly or partially owned by one or more public authorities (which may include the resolution authority) and that is created for the purpose of carrying out some or all of the functions of an institution under resolution and for holding some or all of the assets and liabilities of an institution under resolution.

In the judgment under appeal, the Civil Service Tribunal noted, first, that the action must be held to be directed solely against the decision of 19 June 2007 on the ground that where a candidate in a competition seeks review of a decision taken by a selection board, it is the decision taken by the latter after the review of the candidate’s situation that constitutes the act adversely affecting him (paragraphs 19 and 20 of the judgment under appeal).

For the purposes of the present appeal, it must first be stated that the Civil Service Tribunal recalled that any decision relating to a specific individual which is taken under the Staff Regulations and adversely affects that person must state the reasons on which it is based, on the one hand, to enable the competent court to review the legality of the decision and, on the other, to provide the person concerned with the information necessary to allow him to ascertain whether or not the decision is well founded and to enable him to decide whether to bring an action. It added, however, referring to Case C‑254/95 P Parliament v Innamorati ...[+++][1996] ECR I‑3423, paragraphs 24 to 28, that, as far as concerns decisions taken by a selection board in a competition, the obligation to state reasons must be reconciled with observance of the secrecy surrounding the proceedings of selection boards by virtue of Article 6 of Annex III to the Staff Regulations, secrecy which was instituted with a view to guaranteeing the independence of selection boards and the objectivity of their proceedings. Thus, observance of this secrecy precludes both disclosure of the attitudes adopted by individual members of selection boards and disclosure of any factors relating to individual or comparative assessments of candidates and that the obligation to state the reasons on which decisions of a selection board in a competition are based must take account of the nature of the proceedings concerned, which, at the stage of examination of the abilities of the candidates, are primarily comparative in character and accordingly covered by the secrecy inherent in those proceedings (paragraphs 30 and 31 of the judgment under appeal).

M. whereas the first paragraph of Article 1 of the first Additional Protocol to the ECHR declares that "[e]very natural or legal person is entitled to the peaceful enjoyment of his possessions" and that "[n]o one shall be deprived of his possessions except in the public interest and subject to the conditions provided for by law and by the general principles of international law"; whereas the second paragraph of that article states that "[t]he preceding provisions shall not, however, in any way impair the right of a State to enforce such laws as it deems necessary to control the use of property in accordance with the general interest or ...[+++] to secure the payment of taxes or other contributions or penalties"; and whereas, at the time of ratification of the said Protocol, Spain expressed a reservation in respect of Article 1 in the light of Article 33 of the Spanish Constitution, which provides as follows: "The right to private property and inheritance is recognised. 2. The social function of these rights shall determine the limits of their content in accordance with the law. 3. No one may be deprived of his or her property and rights, except on justified grounds of public utility or social interest and with a proper compensation in accordance with the law". ,

Stakeholders have emphasised that standards should be interoperable and open to innovation; that intelligent payment systems should use smart cards, interoperable between transport modes, between various functions (such as transport-related payments, non-transport services, parking, and customer loyalty schemes), between areas and, in the longer term, between countries.

Time-distance meters, hereinafter called "taximeters", are instruments which, according to the characteristics of the vehicle in which they are installed and the tariffs for which they have been set, calculate automatically and indicate constantly when in use the amounts to be paid by the users of public vehicles, called taxis, on the basis of the distance covered and, below a certain speed, the time for which the vehicle is occupied, exclusive of various surcharges which may be authorized by local regulations in force in the Member State ...[+++]s.