case detected by the Commission | case detected by the Commission itself | case which comes to light automatically

cycloplegic refractive error

O/E - sign - in nerve

identify learning disorder | identifying learning disorders | ascertain learning disorders | identify learning disorders

assess pipeline infrastructure to discover flaws | find weaknesses in pipelines and related infrastructure | detect flaws in pipeline infrastructure | find flaws in pipelines and related infrastructure

not detectable | ND [Abbr.]

shakedown procedure

Conference of Experts to Study the Possibility of Detecting Violations of a Possible Agreement on the Suspension of Nuclear Tests

operations manager | settlements manager | brokerage assistant | financial markets back office administrator

[26] If we look at the origin of infringement proceedings (see 19th report annex, Tables 3 and 4), except in 2001, the proportion of proceedings initiated on the basis of a complaint is lower than that of proceedings initiated on the basis of investigations by Commission departments (cases detected on the Commission's own initiative). If we add cases of non-notification, complaints account for a minority of proceedings initiated. At the reasoned opinion stage, the proportion of proceedings initiated on the basis of complaints is lower, in all years, than the proportion initiated on the basis of the Commission's own investigations, exclud ...[+++]ing non-notification cases.

The system of asset control whereby the National Audit Office collects and publishes asset declarations is a useful contribution to transparency, but the verification of declarations falls short and the system offers no possibility to detect illicit enrichment.

This approach will meet a concern for efficiency -- more rapid and effective intervention including where proceedings for failure to fulfil an obligation would not be the most appropriate mechanism -- while ensuring equal treatment for the Member States and for the different channels for identifying presumed infringements (complaints, cases identified by the Commission itself, cases referred by the European Parliament or the European Ombudsman).

Potential infringements are first recorded in a single register, irrespective of how they were identified; they can be complaints made directly to the Commission or forwarded from the European Parliament's Committee on Petitions or from the European Ombudsman or cases detected by the Commission's own ex-ante or proactive work.