(38)‘energy balance method’ means a method to estimate the amount of energy used as fuel in a boiler, calculated as sum of utilisable heat and all relevant losses of energy by radiation, transmission and via the flue gas.

District heating refers to the supply of heat, inter alia, in the form of steam or hot water, from a central source of production through a transmission and distribution system to multiple buildings, for the purpose of heating.

District heating refers to the supply of heat, inter alia, in the form of steam or hot water, from a central source of production through a transmission and distribution system to multiple buildings, for the purpose of heating.

Directive 2001/77/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market and Directive 2004/8/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 on the promotion of cogeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market require Member States to report quantitative energy data.

(da) improvements to building shells and structures aimed at achieving summer comfort at no or low energy consumption, such as technologies to control fluxes of heat and solar radiation (higher thermal insulation of walls, low emissivity and solar control glazing, ventilated roofs with radiant barriers), technologies for the connection of buildings to low temperature environmental sources in summer (coupling with soil through air or water circulation, night ventilation accompanied with increased thermal mass); improvements to building shells and structures aimed at achieving winter comfort (thicker walls, roof and basement insulation, window frames with low transmittance and low i ...[+++]nfiltration rate, low emissivity glazing);

improvements to building shells and structures aimed at achieving summer comfort at no or low energy consumption, such as technologies to control fluxes of heat and solar radiation (higher thermal insulation of walls, low emissivity and solar control glazing, ventilated roofs with radiant barriers), technologies for the connection of buildings to low temperature environmental sources in summer (coupling with soil through air or water circulation, night ventilation accompanied with increased thermal mass); improvements to building shells and structures aimed at achieving winter comfort (thicker walls, roof and basement insulation, window frames with low transmittance and low i ...[+++]nfiltration rate, low emissivity glazing);