earth-air heat pump

earth-air heat pump

soil science [ agrology | pedology | soil mechanics ]

heat transfer fluid | heat exchange fluid | heat extraction fluid | heat transport fluid | heat carrying fluid | heat conducting fluid | thermal transfer fluid | thermal transport fluid | thermal exchange fluid | thermal carrying fluid | thermal conducting fluid

‘heat pump space heater’ means a space heater using ambient heat from an air source, water source or ground source, and/or waste heat for heat generation; a heat pump space heater may be equipped with one or more supplementary heaters using the Joule effect in electric resistance heating elements or the combustion of fossil and/or biomass fuels;

100. Calls for greater attention to be paid to the heat and cooling sectors; calls, in this respects, on the EU to consider the full integration of the heating and cooling sector into the transformation of the energy system; notes that this sector today represents ca. 45 % of the final energy consumption in Europe, and that a better understanding of the important role of heating and cooling is needed; calls on the Commission, therefore, to gather the required data reflecting the energy sources for and uses of heating and cooling, as well as the distribution of heat to different groups of final consumers (e.g. residential, industry, tertiary); encourages the development of combined heat and power plants that use renewable or recovered an ...[+++]d waste heat, and supports further research on cooling and heating systems with a view to executing the EU’s ambitious policy; calls on public authorities to update demand forecasts on the 2050 horizon and to produce impact assessments of regional underground conditions in order to optimise resource allocation; calls, furthermore, on the Commission and the Member States to allocate increased funding to local energy infrastructures such as district heating and cooling – including through RD and innovative financial instruments – that bring about efficient, low- and no-carbon solutions that will substitute the import and European-wide exchange/transport of energy; notes that readily available renewable energy solutions (geothermal, biomass including biodegradable waste, solar thermal and hydro/aerothermal), in combination with energy efficiency measures, have the potential to decarbonise the heat demand by 2050 in a more cost-effective way, while addressing the problem of energy poverty;

For this purpose, it is proposing eight soil and climate criteria indicating, at a certain threshold value, severe limitations for European agriculture: climate criteria (long-term low temperature or heat stress), biophysical criteria (poorly drained soil; stony, sandy or clay soil; low rooting depth; salty soil) and geographic criteria (areas with very unfavourable moisture balance or steep slopes).

The group of experts identified eight soil and climate criteria indicating, at a certain threshold value, severe limitations for European agriculture: climate criteria (long-term low temperature or heat stress), soil criteria (poorly drained soil; stony, sandy or clay soil; low rooting depth; salty soil) and areas with very unfavourable moisture balance or steep slopes (A more detailed description of the eight biophysical criteria can be found in the annex to the communication).